A study of photography produced as a tool of political propaganda during the Estado Novo in Portugal. Finalist for the Historical Book Award at the Rencontres d'Arles 2022. Through montage and photomontage, the photography printed during the Estado Novo explored the narrative and connotative possibilities of the image in different publications, gaining relevance both in official propaganda and in the discourse of opposition to the regime. The result of a research project, the book is a reference for historians, researchers, collectors and photographers. It contains 238 reproductions from 50 historical publications from 1928 to the end of the dictatorship in 1974 (books, illustrated magazines and catalogues), organised in four thematic chapters with commentaries that summarise and contextualise each publication. The selection by Filomena Serra also includes publications of protest or with an alternative discourse to the official image: the surrealism of Fernando Lemos, the humanism of Palla and Martins, and visions critical of Salazar's authoritarian regime.